Guide

6 min read

The evidence that wins Visa 10.4 fraud disputes

Reason code 10.4 is the most common fraud claim on Visa. Compelling Evidence 3.0 changed what wins it.

Portrait of Nadia Reyes

Nadia Reyes

Head of Risk Research

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In this article

01

What 10.4 actually means

02

Compelling Evidence 3.0 in plain words

03

A checklist before you submit

FIG. 01 — Matching prior transactions under CE 3.0

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Visa 10.4 covers card-absent fraud: the cardholder says they did not make the purchase. It is the single most common dispute we fight, and since Compelling Evidence 3.0 it is also one of the most winnable.

What 10.4 actually means

The issuer believes a fraudster used the card online. Your job is to show the real cardholder was behind the order.

Compelling Evidence 3.0 in plain words

Show two earlier undisputed orders from the same card that share at least two data points with the disputed one: IP address, device ID, shipping address or account login.

Data pointStrength
Device IDStrong
IP addressStrong
Shipping addressMedium
Account loginMedium

A checklist before you submit

  • Two prior orders, 120 to 365 days old.

  • At least two matching data points on each.

  • No fraud disputes on those earlier orders.

Key takeaways

  • Collect device and IP data on every order from day one.

  • Let software find the matching orders for you.

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Portrait of Nadia Reyes

Written by Nadia Reyes

Head of Risk Research

Nadia leads RecoverIQ’s research team and has spent a decade inside card network dispute programmes.

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TOPICS

#Visa

#Reason codes

#Evidence

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